Unit8 Have you ever read Treasure Island yet?

　　Unit8 知識(shí)梳理

　　【重點(diǎn)詞組】

　　1.on page 25 在第25頁

　　2. the back of the book 書的背面

　　3. hurry up 趕快;匆忙

　　. in two weeks 在兩周之內(nèi)

　　5. go out to sea 出海

　　6. an island full of treasures 一個(gè)滿是寶藏的島嶼

　　7. w rite about 寫作關(guān)于……的內(nèi)容

　　8. finish doing sth. 做完某事

　　9. w ait for another ship 等待另一艘船到來

　　10. learn to do sth. 學(xué)會(huì)做某事

　　11. grow fruits and vegetables 種水果和蔬菜

　　12. a few weeks ago 幾個(gè)星期前

　　13. the marks of another man’ s feet 另一個(gè)人的腳印

　　14. not long after that 不久之后

　　15. run towards sp. 跑向某地

　　16. use...to do sth. 用……來做某事

　　17. signs left behind by someone 某人留下的標(biāo)記

　　18. read the newspaper 看報(bào)

　　19. science fiction 科幻小說

　　20. can’ t w ait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事

　　21. a good way to wake up 醒來的一個(gè)好辦法

　　22. number of people 人數(shù)

　　23. used to do sth. (過去)常常做某事

　　24. study abroad 在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)

　　25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

　　26. come to realize 開始意識(shí)到

　　27. ever since then 自從那時(shí)起

　　28. the southern states of America 美國(guó)的南部地區(qū)

　　29. belong to 屬于

　　30. be kind to each other 善待彼此

　　31. trust one another 互相信任

　　32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美

　　33. have been to sp. 去過某地

　　34. do some research on sth. 對(duì)……做研究

　　35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事

　　36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事

　　37. the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行

　　38. enjoy success in享受……的成功

　　39. at the end of the day傍晚的時(shí)候

　　【重點(diǎn)句型】

　　1.— Have you read little Women yet? 你讀過《小婦人》嗎?

　　— Yes,I have. /No,I haven't. 是的，我讀過。/ 不，我沒有。

　　2. — Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?

　　蒂娜讀過《金銀島》這本書嗎?

　　— Yes, she has. She thinks i t 's fantastic.

　　是的，她讀過。她覺得它很棒。

　　3. Would you like something to drink?

　　你要來點(diǎn)喝的嗎?

　　4. I heard you lost your key.

　　我聽說你丟鑰匙了。

　　5.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.

　　她開始意識(shí)到，事實(shí)上她是多么想念他們所有的人。

　　【語法講解】

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) (Present Perfect Tense)

　　(1)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。

　　—It’s so dark. 太黑了。

　　—Someone has turned off the light. 有人把燈關(guān)上了。

　　(2)表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

　　常與since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+一段時(shí)間，since+時(shí)間段+ego, so far等時(shí)間狀語連用。

　　Eg. I have lived here for ten years.我已經(jīng)住在這里10年了。(從10年前開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒)

　　Eg. I have lived here since 2003. 自從2003年我就住在這兒。(從2003年開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒)

　　(3) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)及句型轉(zhuǎn)換：主語+have/has+過去分詞(done) (當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)has,其余人稱用have。)

　�、倏隙ň洌褐髡Z+have/has+過去分詞+其他 I have finished my homework. (肯定句)

　�、诜穸ň洌褐髡Z+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他 I have not finished my homework. (否定句)

　�、垡话阋蓡柧洌篐ave/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他

　　—Have you finished your homework?

　　—Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t, (一般疑問句及肯定、否定回答)

　　(4)has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的區(qū)別

　　? Have/Has gone(to) :去了(現(xiàn)在不在說話現(xiàn)場(chǎng))

　　Eg. ---Where is your father?

　　---He has gone to Shanghai.

　　? Have/Has been (to) :去過(已不在去過的地方)

　　Eg. My father has been to Shanghai.

　　? Have/has been in：呆了多久(還在所呆的地方)

　　Eg. My father has been in Shanghai for two months. =My father has been in Shanghai since two months ago.

　　(5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志：

　　①常與just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)。

　　Have you ever been to Japan? I have just finished my homework.

　　②for + 時(shí)間段;since + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn);since + 段時(shí)間 ago;since + 一般過去時(shí)的句子。

　　They have known each other for five years. Since he was a child, he has lived in England.

　　(6)動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞的變化

　　規(guī)則變化：1. 一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾直接加ed。如：pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed

　　2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后面加d。如：like → liked → liked; hope → hoped → hoped; phone → phoned → phoned

　　3. 以―輔音字母 + y‖結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再加-ed。如：study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied

　　4. 詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，要雙寫輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop → stopped → stopped; clap → clapped → clapped

　　不規(guī)則變化：

　　5. 以不變應(yīng)萬變。如：let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read

　　6. 若中間有雙寫e，則去掉一個(gè)e，單詞末尾再加t。如：

　　feel → felt → felt; keep → kept → kept; sleep → slept → slept

　　7. 結(jié)尾的字母d變t。如：lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent

　　8. 變?yōu)橐?ought或-aught結(jié)尾。如：buy → bought → bought;

　　bring → brought → brought; catch → caught → caught; teach → taught → taught

　　【話題寫作】

　　請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表中所提供的信息以“Learn to express thanks”為題，用英語寫一篇演講稿。

　　背 景

　　1.認(rèn)為上中學(xué)時(shí)吃好穿好是應(yīng)該的;

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