5.  過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)

　　1) 基本區(qū)別：過去完成時(shí)表示以過去某時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)以前所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，即過去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去的過去”，而一般過去時(shí)只表示以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)以前所發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。如：

　　He studied there two years ago.他兩年前在那兒學(xué)習(xí)（離現(xiàn)在兩年）

　　He said he had studied there two years before.他說他兩年前在那兒學(xué)習(xí)過。（離他說話時(shí)兩年）

　　2) 特別注意：兩個(gè)動作如果按順序發(fā)生，又不強(qiáng)調(diào)先后，或者用then, and, but等連詞連接時(shí)，多用一般過去時(shí)。如：

　　When she saw the mouse, she screamed.

　　My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.

　　8

　　過去將來時(shí)

　　標(biāo)志：would + 動詞原形

　　1. 表示從過去某一時(shí)間來看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，一般用于主句為過去時(shí)的賓語從句中。如：

　　He said he would come here next Friday.

　　I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble.

　　2. 表示過去的動作習(xí)慣或傾向：

　　The old man would sit on a bench in the quite park for hours without doing anything.

　　When I worked on that farm, I would get up at 5 am.

　　3. 用于虛擬語氣中：

　　If I were you, I would not do that.

　　If he were here, he would show us how to do it.

　　4. 過去將來時(shí)的其他形式

　　1)  was / were going to + 動詞原形。如：

　　He told us that he was going to attend the meeting.

　　She said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station.

　　2) was / were to + 動詞原形。如：

　　The building was to be completed next month.

　　Li Lei was to arrive soon.

　　3)  was / were about to + 動詞原形。如：

　　We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly.

　　He was about to have lunch when the bell rang.

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